What term is used for a crime that has a maximum penalty of death or more than one year of incarceration?

The term that describes a crime with a maximum penalty of death or more than one year of incarceration is "felony." Crimes categorized as felonies are considered more serious offenses compared to misdemeanors, which typically carry lighter penalties. The classification of a crime as a felony reflects its severity, and as such, felonies often involve more stringent legal consequences, including substantial prison time, sometimes life sentences, or even the death penalty in jurisdictions where capital punishment is practiced.

Understanding the difference in classifications is critical for law enforcement and the judicial system, as it influences the legal processes, rights of the accused, and sentencing procedures. Misdemeanors, civil infractions, and petty offenses are classified under less severe categories, each with their own set of penalties that do not reach the level associated with felonies.